The main function of carotenoids consists in absorbing light to perform photosynthesis, and some of them are constitutively present in the cells (primary carotenoids). The main primary carotenoids usually found are neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, and β-carotene.

Natural beta-carotene is a pro-vitamin A which is converted to retinol (Vitamin A) in the body as required.